Compressed biogas emerges as a promising solution to cut fossil fuel dependence, manage waste, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions
In a recent turn of events, India has the potential to reduce its liquefied natural gas (LNG) import expenditure by a staggering US$29 billion between FY2025 and FY2030. This is possible if the nation can incrementally replace 20% of its natural gas consumption with biogas and biomethane.
The environmental benefits of such a move are multifold. Biogas offers a solution for efficient waste management and promises a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, thereby boosting renewable energy production. Moreover, the enhanced version of biogas, known as biomethane, matches the calorific value of natural gas, making it a feasible replacement.
However, the journey to prominence for biogas in India hasn't been smooth. Challenges have persisted, ranging from complicated project setups, lack of clear pricing frameworks, and governmental support scattered across various departments.
Fortunately, the Indian government is making strides to address these issues. The consolidation of support under the National Bioenergy Scheme in 2021 and the inception of the GOBARdhan scheme are notable initiatives in this direction. Furthermore, policy adjustments, such as the revised CBG rate, are spurring renewed interest in the sector from major corporations.
It's also crucial that energy crops are not utilised for biogas production to prevent indirect land use changes, as witnessed in the ethanol and biodiesel sectors in countries like Brazil.