If a recent report is anything to go by, the answer to that question is an indubitable yes. The country energy sector, particularly its coal-powered plants, guzzle unsustainably large volumes of water, exacerbating its water stress
As India chases its lofty climate change ambitions and sustainability goals, the water impact from its energy sector presents a growing challenge. India is one of the world's most water-stressed economies: it is home to 18 percent of the world’s population and yet has only 4 percent of its freshwater resources.
The energy sector currently draws approximately 30 billion cubic metres (CBM)of water annually. This figure is expected to double consumption by 2030. Coal-powered thermal plants are at the top of the list of guzzlers, with 72,623 litres per megawatt-hour (MWh), while natural gas plants use 10,611 litres per MWh. Renewables like wind and solar use significantly less water, offering hope for the future.
The report emphasises the significant water needs of biofuels, especially ethanol, and the water needed for creating and maintaining solar and wind energy systems. It also looks at the importance of effective water management practices in green hydrogen production. The report highlights the essential role of a "Blue Deal", similar to the approach taken by the European Union, in reducing the water impact of energy projects and guaranteeing sustainable water management practices.
The report offers a thorough analysis and actionable insights to support India's sustainability and net-zero goals by addressing water usage patterns. It emphasises the significance of integrating water audits, utilising water bonds, and investing in wastewater recycling and desalination to tackle the impending water crisis."